Prof. Itay Mayrose Lab – Plant Evolution, Bioinformatics, & Comparative Genomics
CCDB is a community resource. If you are aware of any missing data or if any of the counts are erroneous, please submit new counts, or report erroneous counts.
CCDB → Angiosperms → Violaceae → Viola → Viola tricolor
79 chromosome counts in Viola tricolor:
| Name | Accepted Name | Gametophytic(n) | Sporophytic(2n) | Data Source | reference | ||
| Viola macedonica Boiss. & Heldr. | Viola tricolor subsp. macedonica (Boiss. & Heldr.) | 26 | IPCN online | Erben, M. 1985. Cytotaxonomische Untersuchungen an sudosteuropaischen Viola-Arten der Section Melanium. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21: 339–740. | |||
| ! | Viola macedonica Boiss. & Heldr. | Viola tricolor subsp. macedonica (Boiss. & Heldr.) | 24 | IPCN online | Erben, M. 1985. Cytotaxonomische Untersuchungen an sudosteuropaischen Viola-Arten der Section Melanium. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 21: 339–740. | ||
| Viola macedonica Boiss. & Heldr. | Viola tricolor subsp. macedonica (Boiss. & Heldr.) | 26 | Cave1963 | Schmidt 1963 | |||
| ! | Viola saxatilis F. W. Schmidt | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | Flora Iberica | Nmeros cromosomticos de plantas occidentales, 668-680. Aldasoro, J. J.Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid50: 247-249(1992). | ||
| ! | Viola saxatilis F. W. Schmidt | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | IPCN online | Aldasoro, J.J. 1992. Números cromosomáticos de plantas occidentales, 668--680. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 50: 247–249. | ||
| ! | Viola saxatilis F. W. Schmidt | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | IPCN online | Kirschner, J. 1992. In J. M|3esí|3ccek & V. Jav@0urková-Jarolímová, List of Chromosome Numbers of the Czech Vascular Plants. Academia, Praha. | ||
| ! | Viola saxatilis F. W. Schmidt | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | IPCN66 | Skalinska et a!. 1966 | ||
| ! | Viola saxatilis F. W. Schmidt | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | Darlington, 1955 | J. Clausen 1931d | ||
| ! | Viola saxatilis subsp. polychroma (A. Kern.) Kirschner & Skalický | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | IPCN online | Kirschner, J. 1992. In J. M|3esí|3ccek & V. Jav@0urková-Jarolímová, List of Chromosome Numbers of the Czech Vascular Plants. Academia, Praha. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | Flora Europaea | Lbvkvist, 1963 | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | Starlinger, F. 2000. In C. Dobea & E. Vitek, Documented Chromosome Number Checklist of Austrian Vascular Plants. Verlag des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien, Vienna. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | Lövkvist, B. & U. M. Hultgård. 1999. Chromosome numbers in south Swedish vascular plants. Opera Bot. 137: 1–42. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor | Viola tricolor L. | 13 | IPCN online | Engelskjon, T. 1979. Chromosome numbers in vascular plants from Norway, including Svalbard. Opera Bot. 52: 1–38. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor | Viola tricolor L. | 2n = 26 | Austria_checklist | Nauenburg, J. D. 1986. Untersuchungen zur Variabilit?t, ?kologie und Systematik der Viola tricolor-Gruppe in Mitteleuropa. p. 124. Diss., Georg August-Universit?t G?ttingen. under Viola tricolor L. ssp. tricolor var. tricolor | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor | Viola tricolor L. | 2n = 26 | Austria_checklist | Nauenburg, J. D. 1986. Untersuchungen zur Variabilit?t, ?kologie und Systematik der Viola tricolor-Gruppe in Mitteleuropa. p. 124. Diss., Georg August-Universit?t G?ttingen. under Viola tricolor L. ssp. tricolor var. polychroma (A. Kerner) Borbas | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor | Viola tricolor L. | 2n = 26 | Austria_checklist | F. Starlinger unpubl. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor | Viola tricolor L. | 2n = 26* | Austria_checklist | R. Mattick-Ehrensberger in Tischler, G. 1950. Die Chromosomenzahlen der Gef??pflanzen Mitteleuropas. p. 263. 's-Gravenhage, Uitgeverij Dr. W. Junk. under Viola tricolor L. em. Wittr., Dobe?, Ch. & Gutermann, W. 2002. Nachtr?ge und Revisionen zu Renate Matticks Chromosomenz?hlungen in Tischler 1950. Linzer Biol.Beitr. 34[2], 1071-1083. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor | Viola tricolor L. | 13 | CromoCat 2015 | Engelskjon, T. (1979). Chromosome numbers in vascular plants from Norway, including Svalbard. Opera Bot. 52: 1-38. | ||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | Slovakia Database | Májovský J., Uhríková A., Javorčíková D., Mičieta K., Králik E., Dúbravcová Z., Feráková V., Murín A., Černušáková D., Hindáková M., Schwarzová T. & Záborský J., 2000: Prvý doplnok karyotaxonomického prehľadu flóry Slovenska. - Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comen., Bot. Supplementum Nr. 1: 1-127. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | Slovakia Database | Májovský J., Uhríková A., Javorčíková D., Mičieta K., Králik E., Dúbravcová Z., Feráková V., Murín A., Černušáková D., Hindáková M., Schwarzová T. & Záborský J., 2000: Prvý doplnok karyotaxonomického prehľadu flóry Slovenska. - Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comen., Bot. Supplementum Nr. 1: 1-127. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | Slovakia Database | Májovský J., Uhríková A., Javorčíková D., Mičieta K., Králik E., Dúbravcová Z., Feráková V., Murín A., Černušáková D., Hindáková M., Schwarzová T. & Záborský J., 2000: Prvý doplnok karyotaxonomického prehľadu flóry Slovenska. - Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comen., Bot. Supplementum Nr. 1: 1-127. | |||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IAPT/IOPB | IAPT/IOPB Chromosome Data 3 | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | British Isles cytology | Pettet, A. Watsonia 6: 39-50 (1964) | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | British Isles cytology | Fothergill, P.G. New Phytol. 43: 23-35 (1944) | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | British Isles cytology | Seabrook, A.R.G. (1962) | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26, 28, 30. Variants of both parents, but mainl | flora of NW Europe | http://wbd.etibioinformatics.nl/bis/flora.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=2182 | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | flora of NW Europe | http://wbd.etibioinformatics.nl/bis/flora.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=2183 | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | flora of NW Europe | http://wbd.etibioinformatics.nl/bis/flora.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=2184 | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | Poland Database | Skali?ska M., Jankun A., Wcis?o H. et al. 1971. Studies in chromosome numbers of Polish Angiosperms. Eighth contribution. Acta Biol. Cracov. Ser. Bot. 14, 55-102. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | Poland Database | Pogan E., Czapik R., Jankun A., Kuta E. et al. 1982 a. Further studies in chromosome numbers of Polish Angiosperms. Part XV. Acta Biol. Cracov. Ser. Bot. 24, 91-126. | ||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 28 | IPCN online | ||||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | Pogan, E., R. CZAPIK, A. Jankun & E. Kuta. 1982. Further studies in chromosome numbers of Polish angiosperms. Part XV. Acta Biol. Cracov., Ser. Bot. 24: 113–126. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | Arohonka, T. 1982. Chromosome counts of vascular plants of the island Seili in Nauvo, southwestern Finland. Turun Yliopiston Julkaisuja, Sar. A 2, Biol.-Geogr. 3: 1–12. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | UOTILA, P. & K. Pellinen. 1985. Chromosome numbers in vascular plants from Finland. Acta Bot. Fenn. 130. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | Buttler, K. P. 1989. Chromosomenzahlen von Gefässpflanzen aus Hessen 4. Folge. Hess. Florist. Briefe 38: 11–14. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | Lippert, W. & G. R. Heubl. 1989. Chromosomenzahlen von Pflanzen aus Bayern und angrenzenden Gebieten: [Teil 2]. Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 60: 73–83. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | Semerenko, L. V. 1990. Chromosome numbers of some flowering plants from the Berezinsky Biosphere Reservation (the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic). Bot. Žhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 279–282. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 17 | IPCN online | Koshy, J. K. & P. M. Mathew. 1990. Cytology of members of Violaceae from south India. J. Cytol. Genet. 25: 159–162. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | Van Loon, J. C. & A. K. V. Setten. 1982. IN: IOPB Plant chromosome number reports. Taxon 31: 589–592. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | Semerenko, L. V. 1993. <In> A. Takhtajan (editor), Numeri Chromosomatum Magnoliophytorum Florae URSS, Moraceae--Zygophyllaceae. Nauka, Petropoli | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | Dajoz, I., A. Mignot, C. Hoss & I. Till-Bottraud. 1995. Pollen aperture heteromorphism is not due to unreduced gametophytes. Amer. J. Bot. 82(1): 104–111. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | Strid, A. 1980. In Chromosome number reports LXIX. Taxon 29: 709–710. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IPCN online | Strid, A. & R. Franzen. 1981. In Chromosome number reports LXXIII. Taxon 30: 829–842. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 21 | 23 | IPCN75-78 | NA | ||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 42, 46 | IPCN73-74 | CHATTERJEE, A. & A.K. SHARMA. 1973. Cytological studies on Indian representatives of the genus Viola. J. Genet. 61(1): 52-63. | |||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | Kumar, 1987 | Clausen, J. 1924, 1926, 1927, 1931d ; Gershoy, A. 1932, 1934; Tischler, G. 1934; Rohweder, H. 1937; Fothe- gill, P.G. 1938, 1944 ; LOve, A. & LOve, D. 1956b ; Gadella, T.W.J. 1963a; Gadella, T.W.J & Kliphuis, E. 1963 ; Clausen, J. et al. 1964; Pettet. A. 1964 ; Laane, M.M. 1969b; Mukherjee, I. & Khoshoo, T.N. 1969 | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 28 | Kumar, 1987 | Srid, A. 1980 | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 42, 46 | Kumar, 1987 | Chatterjee, A. & Sharma, A.K. 1972 | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | eFlora | |||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | Darlington, 1955 | 1931 | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IAPT/IOPB | IAPT/IOPB Chromosome Data 17 | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | C-values database | Slomka A, Siwinska D, Wolny E, Kellner K, Kuta E. 2011. Influence of a heavy-metal-polluted environment on Viola tricolor genome size and chromosome number. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica 53: 7-15. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | Cave1963 | Gadella & Klip. 1963; Gadella 1963c | ||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 17 | CromoCat 2015 | Koshy, J. K. & Mathew, P. (1990). Cytology of members of Violaceae from South India J. Cytol. Genet. 25:159-162 | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | CromoCat 2015 | Loon van, J. C. & van Setten, A. K. (1982). Reports [In Löve, A. (ed.), IOPB chromosome numbers reports LXXVI]. Taxon 31(3): 589-592. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | CromoCat 2015 | Merxmer, H. (1974). Veilchenstudien. I Phyton (Horn) 16: 137-158. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | CromoCat 2015 | Strid, A. & R. Franzén. (1981). Reports [In Löve, A. (ed.), IOPB chromosome numbers reports LXXIII]. Taxon 30(4): 829-842. | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 28 | CromoCat 2015 | Strid, A. (1980). Reports [In Löve, A. (ed.), IOPB chromosome numbers reports LXIX]. Taxon 29(5): 709-710. | |||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26* | CromoCat 2015 | Dobes, C. & Guttermann, W. (2001). Nachträge und Revisionen zu Renate Matticks Chromosomenzählungen in TISCHLER 1950: Linzer Biol. Beitr. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | CromoCat 2015 | Verlaque, R. & Espeut, M. (2007). IAPT/IOPB Chromosome Data 3 Taxon 56(1): 209 | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | CromoCat 2015 | Fritsch, R. M. (1973b). Reports [In Löve, A. (ed.), IOPB chromosome numbers reports XLI]. Taxon 22(4): 460-461. | ||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IAPT/IOPB | IAPT/IOPB Chromosome Data 19 | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IAPT/IOPB | IAPT/IOPB Chromosome Data 27 | |||
| Viola tricolor L. | Viola tricolor L. | 26 | IAPT/IOPB | IAPT/IOPB Chromosome Data 30 | |||
| ! | Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii (E. Forst.) Syme | Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii (E. Forst.) Syme | 26 | Slovakia Database | Májovský J. et al., 1978: Index of chromosome numbers of Slovakian flora (Part 6). - Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comen., Bot. 26: 1-42. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii (E. Forst.) Syme | Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii (E. Forst.) Syme | 26 | Slovakia Database | Hindáková M., Májovský J. & Schwarzová T., 1986: Karyological study of the Slovak flora XVII. - Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comen., Bot. 33: 81-84. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii (E. Forst.) Syme | Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii (E. Forst.) Syme | 26 | Flora Europaea | Gadella & | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii (E. Forst.) Syme | Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii (E. Forst.) Syme | 26 | IPCN73-74 | FRITSCH, R.M. 1973. In IOPB chromosome number reports XLI. Taxon 459-464. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii (E. Forst.) Syme | Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii (E. Forst.) Syme | 26 | Cave1963 | Gadella & Klip. 1963; Gadella 1963c | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor subsp. macedonica (Boiss. & Heldr.) | Viola tricolor subsp. macedonica (Boiss. & Heldr.) | 26 | IPCN online | Livaniou-Tiniakou, A. 1983. Cytotaxonomical contribution to the study of the Viola (Violaceae) in Greece. I. Bot. Chron. (Patras) 3: 22–29. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor subsp. macedonica (Boiss. & Heldr.) | Viola tricolor subsp. macedonica (Boiss. & Heldr.) | 26 | IPCN73-74 | MERXMUELLER, H. 1974. Veilchenstudien I-IV. Phyton (Horn) 16: 137-158. | ||
| Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | Flora Europaea | Skalinska et al., 1966 | |||
| Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | IPCN online | Fernández Casado, M. A. 1984. Estudios sobre el género Viola L. en la Península Ibérica. I. Cariología. Fontqueria 5: 23–32. | |||
| Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | IPCN online | Yoshioka, H. & R. TANAKA. 1981. Chromosomes of Viola. Shin Kaki (New Fl.). 112: 64–72. | |||
| Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | IPCN online | Lausi, D. & T. C. Velari. 1992. Cariologia di taxa critici su suoli calaminari (Cave del Predil, Alpi Giulie, Italia). Stud. Geobot. 12: 153–167. | |||
| ! | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | IPCN72 | GADELLA, T., & E. KLIPHUIS. 1972. studies in chromosome numbers of Yugoslavian angiosperms. Acta Bot. Croatica 31: 91-103. | ||
| ! | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | IPCN73-74 | MAJOVSKY, J., ET AL. 1974. Index of chromosome numbers of Slovakian Flora. (Part 4). Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comenianae Bot. 23: 1-23. | ||
| Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | CromoCat 2015 | Fernández Casado, M. A. (1984). Estudio sobre el género Viola L. en la Península Ibérica. Fontqueria 5: 23-32. | |||
| ! | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin | 26 | IAPT/IOPB | IAPT/IOPB Chromosome Data 21 |